Full Course Description
The Heart in Detail
OUTLINE
Understanding Electrical & Mechanical Functions
- Conduction System
- Waveforms
- The NEED TO KNOW Arrhythmias
- Hemodynamic Function
- Cardiac Output
- Preload
- Afterload
- Contractility
- Heart Rate
- Normal Heart Sounds
- Abnormal Heart Sounds
- Murmurs: Differentiating Systolic from Diastolic
- S3/S4 Gallops
- Compensatory Mechanisms
- Maintaining Cardiac Output & Blood Pressure
Coronary Artery Perfusion
- In Relation to: Cardiac Musculature & Conduction System
- Lead Placement
- 5-Lead Monitoring
- 12-Lead, 15-Lead and Right-sided ECG
Caring for Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome
- Differentiating Between Ischemia, Injury & Infarct
- A Systematic Approach for Detection on the ECG
- Pharmacological Therapies
- AHA Guidelines: When to Use & Why
- Dual Anti-Platelet Therapy
- Beta Blockers
- ACE Inhibitors
- Anticoagulation
- Statins
- Mechanism of Action
Heart Failure: Which Organs are Really Affected?
- Neurohormonal Activation
- Sympathetic Nervous System
- Renin-Angiotensin System
- Aldosterone System
- Perfusion & Congestion Assessment
- Differentiating Chronic from Acute HF
- The Importance of Unloading the Heart
- Non-Invasive Diagnostic Evaluation
- Evidence-Based Treatment
- What are the BUN & Creatinine Saying?
Valvular Heart Disease: Why the Left Side
- Contrasting Stenotic Valvular Dysfunction from Insufficiency
- Physical Assessment Clues
- Signs & Symptoms
- Associated Murmurs
Other Cardiac Disease Pathologies
- Pericarditis
- A Good Imposter of Myocardial Infarction
- Cardiomyopathies
- Contrasting Dilated from Hypertrophic
Advanced Skills in Assessment & Decision-Making
- Creating a Hemodynamic Profile without a PAC
- Assessing Volume Status
- Jugular Vein Distention
- Importance of Pulse Pressure
- The Value of Heart Sounds
OBJECTIVES
- Describe the basic electrophysiology of the heart: Electrical versus mechanical function.
- Utilize the “Thumbs Technique” to determine the ventricular axis of the heart.
- Review the more common cardiac arrhythmias and discuss the causes.
- Define hemodynamic principles in the body.
- Relate coronary artery perfusion to cardiac musculature and the conduction system.
- Interpret ischemia, injury, and infarction patterns on a 12-lead ECG, 15-lead, and right-sided ECG.
- Integrate new evidenced-based guidelines to treat Acute Coronary Syndrome.
- Explain the process of valvular dysfunction and state treatments for aortic and mitral valve disease.
- Describe heart failure and relate physical assessment findings to hemodynamic parameters in a patient with decompensated heart failure.
- State the evidenced-based treatments to include medications and invasive procedures for chronic and acute heart failure.
- Differentiate dilated from hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
- Discuss pericarditis to include causes, ECG changes and treatment modalities.
Program Information
Outline
Understanding Electrical & Mechanical Functions
- Conduction System
- Waveforms
- The NEED TO KNOW Arrhythmias
- Hemodynamic Function
- Cardiac Output
- Preload
- Afterload
- Contractility
- Heart Rate
- Normal Heart Sounds
- Abnormal Heart Sounds
- Murmurs: Differentiating Systolic from Diastolic
- S3/S4 Gallops
- Compensatory Mechanisms
- Maintaining Cardiac Output & Blood Pressure
Coronary Artery Perfusion
- In Relation to: Cardiac Musculature & Conduction System
- Lead Placement
- 5-Lead Monitoring
- 12-Lead, 15-Lead and Right-sided ECG
Caring for Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome
- Differentiating Between Ischemia, Injury & Infarct
- A Systematic Approach for Detection on the ECG
- Pharmacological Therapies
- AHA Guidelines: When to Use & Why
- Dual Anti-Platelet Therapy
- Beta Blockers
- ACE Inhibitors
- Anticoagulation
- Statins
- Mechanism of Action
Heart Failure: Which Organs are Really Affected?
- Neurohormonal Activation
- Sympathetic Nervous System
- Renin-Angiotensin System
- Aldosterone System
- Perfusion & Congestion Assessment
- Differentiating Chronic from Acute HF
- The Importance of Unloading the Heart
- Non-Invasive Diagnostic Evaluation
- Evidence-Based Treatment
- What are the BUN & Creatinine Saying?
Valvular Heart Disease: Why the Left Side
- Contrasting Stenotic Valvular Dysfunction from Insufficiency
- Physical Assessment Clues
- Signs & Symptoms
- Associated Murmurs
Other Cardiac Disease Pathologies
- Pericarditis
- A Good Imposter of Myocardial Infarction
- Cardiomyopathies
- Contrasting Dilated from Hypertrophic
Advanced Skills in Assessment & Decision-Making
- Creating a Hemodynamic Profile without a PAC
- Assessing Volume Status
- Jugular Vein Distention
- Importance of Pulse Pressure
- The Value of Heart Sounds
Objectives
- Utilize the “Thumbs Technique” to determine the ventricular axis of the heart.
- Analyze the more common cardiac arrhythmias and discuss the causes.
- Evaluate the comparison of coronary artery perfusion to cardiac musculature and the conduction system.
- Differentiate ischemia, injury, and infarction patterns on a 12-lead EKG, 15-lead, and right-sided EKG.
- Integrate new evidenced-based guidelines to treat Acute Coronary Syndrome.
- Categorize the process of valvular dysfunction and state treatments for aortic and mitral valve disease.
- Evaluate the evidenced-based treatments to include medications and invasive procedures for chronic heart failure.
Target Audience
Cardiovascular Technology Professionals, Nurses and Physician Assistants.
Copyright :
03/22/2017
Fundamentals of Rhythms and 12-Lead EKGs: Day One: The Basics of Rhythm Interpretation
Objectives
- Relate coronary artery perfusion to cardiac musculature and the conduction system.
- Utilize a nine-step systematic approach to interpret EKGs.
- Discuss the basic electrophysiology of the heart: Electrical versus mechanical function.
- Discuss and review bedside monitoring leads and EKGs to include 12-lead, posterior leads and right-sided.
- Identify the types of bradycardias and heart blocks and state treatment modalities.
- Determine the appropriate clinical management of the various patient problems encountered.
Outline
Fundamentals of Rhythm Interpretation
Cardiac Conduction System Electrical Activity
Action Potential
- Depolarization and Repolarization
- Correlation of waveforms
- Calculating rate and measurement of intervals
Monitoring Leads and Associated Anatomy: From Bedside Monitoring to Twelve-Lead EKG
- 3-lead telemetry
- 5-lead telemetry
- 6-lead telemetry
EKG Interpretation
- Frontal plane limb leads
- Horizontal plane chest leads
- Importance of the positive electrode
- Rule of electrical flow
- Layout of the 12-Lead EKG/ 15-Lead EKG/R-sided EKG
- Utilize a systematic approach: Rhythm/Rate/Axis interpretation/ Examination of waveforms
Coronary Artery Perfusion
- Relate coronary perfusion to cardiac musculature and the conduction system
Cardiac Monitoring: The Best Leads for
Waveform and Arrhythmia Detection
- QT Monitoring
- ST segment/ T wave observation for ischemia/ infarct/abnormal repolarization
- Arrhythmia detection
Mechanical Activity: Is there a Pulse?
- Contraction
- Cardiac Output
- Compensatory Mechanisms
- Pulseless electrical activity
- Asystole
Rhythm Review: Differentiating Stable from
Unstable Rhythms
Bradycardic Rhythms: Observe and monitor or treat
- Sinus Bradycardia
- Sinus Arrest / Sinus Pause
- Sick Sinus Syndrome
- Escape Rhythms
- AV Heart Blocks
- First Degree
- Second degree type 1 and 2
- Complete heart block
Tachycardic Rhythms
- Sinus Tachycardia: Determine the cause
Pathophysiology of Supraventricular
Arrhythmias: AV nodal reentry or enhanced automaticity
- Atrial tachycardias
- Atrial Fibrillation
- Atrial Flutter
- Junctional tachycardia
Ventricular dysrhythmias: Perfusing or not Perfusing?
- PVCs
- Monomorphic ventricular tachycardia
- Polymorphic ventricular tachycardia
- Torsades de Points
- Ventricular fibrillation
Practice Review: What did you learn today?
Program Information
Outline
Fundamentals of Rhythm Interpretation
Cardiac Conduction System Electrical Activity
Action Potential
- Depolarization and Repolarization
- Correlation of waveforms
- Calculating rate and measurement of intervals
Monitoring Leads and Associated Anatomy: From Bedside Monitoring to Twelve-Lead EKG
- 3-lead telemetry
- 5-lead telemetry
- 6-lead telemetry
EKG Interpretation
- Frontal plane limb leads
- Horizontal plane chest leads
- Importance of the positive electrode
- Rule of electrical flow
- Layout of the 12-Lead EKG/ 15-Lead EKG/R-sided EKG
- Utilize a systematic approach: Rhythm/Rate/Axis interpretation/ Examination of waveforms
Coronary Artery Perfusion
- Relate coronary perfusion to cardiac musculature and the conduction system
Cardiac Monitoring: The Best Leads for
Waveform and Arrhythmia Detection
- QT Monitoring
- ST segment/ T wave observation for ischemia/ infarct/abnormal repolarization
- Arrhythmia detection
Mechanical Activity: Is there a Pulse?
- Contraction
- Cardiac Output
- Compensatory Mechanisms
- Pulseless electrical activity
- Asystole
Rhythm Review: Differentiating Stable from
Unstable Rhythms
Bradycardic Rhythms: Observe and monitor or treat
- Sinus Bradycardia
- Sinus Arrest / Sinus Pause
- Sick Sinus Syndrome
- Escape Rhythms
- AV Heart Blocks
- First Degree
- Second degree type 1 and 2
- Complete heart block
Tachycardic Rhythms
- Sinus Tachycardia: Determine the cause
Pathophysiology of Supraventricular
Arrhythmias: AV nodal reentry or enhanced automaticity
- Atrial tachycardias
- Atrial Fibrillation
- Atrial Flutter
- Junctional tachycardia
Ventricular dysrhythmias: Perfusing or not Perfusing?
- PVCs
- Monomorphic ventricular tachycardia
- Polymorphic ventricular tachycardia
- Torsades de Points
- Ventricular fibrillation
Practice Review: What did you learn today?
Objectives
- Relate coronary artery perfusion to cardiac musculature and the conduction system.
- Utilize a nine-step systematic approach to interpret EKGs.
- Discuss the basic electrophysiology of the heart: Electrical versus mechanical function.
- Discuss and review bedside monitoring leads and EKGs to include 12-lead, posterior leads and right-sided.
- Identify the types of bradycardias and heart blocks and state treatment modalities.
- Determine the appropriate clinical management of the various patient problems encountered.
Target Audience
Nurses, Nurse Practitioners, Clinical Nurse Specialists, Cardiovascular Technology
Copyright :
04/16/2015
Fundamentals of Rhythms and 12-Lead EKGs: Day Two: Practical Application of 12-Lead EKG Interpretation
Objectives
- Relate the pathophysiology of supraventricular arrhythmias and accurately identify.
- Examine the 12-Lead EKG and diagnose the type of MI and the coronary artery involved.
- State the treatment modalities of Acute Coronary Syndrome.
- Differentiate STEMI imposters from NSTEMI upon EKG evaluation.
- Differentiate wide complex tachycardias.
- Identify three common STEMI imposters and differentiate between benign and injury patterns of ST segment elevation.
Outline
12-Lead EKG Interpretation: When is it necessary to acquire an additional EKG?
- Utilize a systematic nine-step approach to evaluate EKGs
Hex-Axial System: How to Calculate axis and Why
- Determine electrical axis using different techniques
- Establish causes of abnormal axis
- Utilize axis in disease diagnosis
Intraventricular Conduction Delays: Chronic or Acute/Causes and Treatment Strategies
- Left Bundle Branch Block
- Right Bundle Branch Block
- Hyperkalemia
- Hemiblocks (Fasicular Blocks)
- Left Anterior Hemiblock
- Left Posterior Hemiblock
Pathophysiology of Acute Coronary
Syndrome: Patterns of Myocardial Ischemia and Infarction on EKG
- ST segment /T wave changes
- Reciprocal changes
- Subtle clues
- Cardiac enzymes
- AHA guidelines for treatment of Unstable angina, NSTEMI, STEMI
STEMI Imposters: Is it a STEMI or just an Imposter?
- How to identify on the EKG
- Common STEMI imposters
- Broken Heart Syndrome
- Prinzmetal Angina
- Left Bundle Branch Block
- Left Ventricular hypertrophy
- RV paced rhythm
- Pericarditis
- Early repolarization
Wide Complex Tachycardias: Is it Ventricular Tachycardia or SVT with Aberrancy?
- Best leads for detecting
- Tricks of the trade to differentiate
- Utilize axis to determine
- Don’t forget: Treat the patient not the monitor!
Pre-Excitation Syndrome: How to Recognize WPW Syndrome on EKG
- Prevalence
- Pathophysiology: Differentiate antidromic from orthodromic
- Treatment modalities
Practice Review: Wrap Up and Putting it All Together
Program Information
Outline
12-Lead EKG Interpretation: When is it necessary to acquire an additional EKG?
- Utilize a systematic nine-step approach to evaluate EKGs
Hex-Axial System: How to Calculate axis and Why
- Determine electrical axis using different techniques
- Establish causes of abnormal axis
- Utilize axis in disease diagnosis
Intraventricular Conduction Delays: Chronic or Acute/Causes and Treatment Strategies
- Left Bundle Branch Block
- Right Bundle Branch Block
- Hyperkalemia
- Hemiblocks (Fasicular Blocks)
- Left Anterior Hemiblock
- Left Posterior Hemiblock
Pathophysiology of Acute Coronary
Syndrome: Patterns of Myocardial Ischemia and Infarction on EKG
- ST segment /T wave changes
- Reciprocal changes
- Subtle clues
- Cardiac enzymes
- AHA guidelines for treatment of Unstable angina, NSTEMI, STEMI
STEMI Imposters: Is it a STEMI or just an Imposter?
- How to identify on the EKG
- Common STEMI imposters
- Broken Heart Syndrome
- Prinzmetal Angina
- Left Bundle Branch Block
- Left Ventricular hypertrophy
- RV paced rhythm
- Pericarditis
- Early repolarization
Wide Complex Tachycardias: Is it Ventricular Tachycardia or SVT with Aberrancy?
- Best leads for detecting
- Tricks of the trade to differentiate
- Utilize axis to determine
- Don’t forget: Treat the patient not the monitor!
Pre-Excitation Syndrome: How to Recognize WPW Syndrome on EKG
- Prevalence
- Pathophysiology: Differentiate antidromic from orthodromic
- Treatment modalities
Practice Review: Wrap Up and Putting it All Together
Objectives
- Relate the pathophysiology of supraventricular arrhythmias and accurately identify.
- Examine the 12-Lead EKG and diagnose the type of MI and the coronary artery involved.
- State the treatment modalities of Acute Coronary Syndrome.
- Differentiate STEMI imposters from NSTEMI upon EKG evaluation.
- Differentiate wide complex tachycardias.
- Identify three common STEMI imposters and differentiate between benign and injury patterns of ST segment elevation.
Target Audience
Nurses, Nurse Practitioners, Clinical Nurse Specialists, Cardiovascular Technology
Copyright :
04/17/2015
Heart and Lung Sounds, 2nd Edition
Program Information
Target Audience
Nurses/Nurse Practitioners/Clinical Nurse Specialists, Other Professions
Objectives
- Analyze 6 extra heart sounds and distinguish what they mean when you hear them.
- Assess the difference between systolic and diastolic murmurs, as well as clues to expected assessment finding with each.
- Analyze 5 adventitious breath sounds and understand the clue and common causes for their occurrence.
- Evaluate voice sounds to confirm pulmonary pathology.
Outline
Cardiac Assessment Skills
- Extra Heart Sounds
- S2 Splits
- S3
- S4
- Summation Gallops
- Mechanical Clicks
- Pericardial friction Rubs
- Heart Murmurs
- 4 Systolic Murmurs
- 3 Diastolic Murmurs
Pulmonary assessment
- Adventitious Breath Sounds
- Wheezes
- Rales
- Rhonchi
- Stridor
- Pleural Friction Rubs
- Using Vocal Fremitus to Confirm Pathology
- Bronchophony
- Whispered Pectoriloquy
- Egophony
Copyright :
01/07/2016