Full Course Description

The Lungs in Detail

OUTLINE

The Lung Revealed

From Airway to Alveolar Capillary Membrane
The Mechanics of Breathing
Resistance and Compliance
Gas Exchange
Relating Form and Function: The Ins and Out, Wherefores and Whys of an Integrated Assessment

Oxygen Delivery and Consumption

Oxygenation, Ventilation and Perfusion
Oxyhemoglobin Dissociation Curve
Minute Ventilation (RR x TV)
Oxygen Delivery vs. Oxygen Demand

Common Pulmonary Conditions: How and Why They Upset the Balance

Acute Pulmonary Edema
- Predisposing Factors: Begin with the End in Mind
- Pathophysiology: Changes in Surfactant = Changes in Compliance and Oxygenation
- Presentation and Emergent Management: It’s Over in a Flash!
COPD
- Presentation: Why the Pursed lips and Barrel Chest?
  - Pathophysiology: It’s All About the Alveolar Septum!
  - Projected Clinical Course: PROACTIVE not Reactive!
Pulmonary Embolism
- The Role of D-Dimer
- An Integrated Approach to Assessment
- Charting a Proactive Projected Clinical Course
Asthma
- Pathology and Pharmacology
- Airway Smooth Muscle
- Edema
- Infection and Inflammation
- Rate Control

Less Common Pulmonary Disorders: Why They Take Your Breath Away

ARDS
- Avian influenza, Various Viruses, Drowning and more…!
- Assessment Findings…
- Advanced Ventilation strategies…
- Recruitment: APRV and HFOV…
Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia
- Risk Factors and Reimbursement: Begin with the End in Mind
- Risk Management: An ounce of Prevention is Worth a Pound of Cure!
Pulmonary Hypertension
- Hypertension Pathophysiology: It Gets You Right in the Heart!
- Hidden Clues: Relating Physical Assessment to Pharmacologic Management…

OBJECTIVES

Compare and contrast negative-pressure ventilation with positive-pressure ventilation.
Describe the relationship between ventilation and perfusion.
Compare and contrast normal and abnormal chest x-ray findings.
Describe the desired outcomes of properly applied mechanical ventilation.
Compare and contrast volume and pressure control mechanical ventilation.

Program Information

Outline

The Lung Revealed

From Airway to Alveolar Capillary Membrane
The Mechanics of Breathing
Resistance and Compliance
Gas Exchange
Relating Form and Function: The Ins and Out, Wherefores and Whys of an Integrated Assessment

Oxygen Delivery and Consumption

Oxygenation, Ventilation and Perfusion
Oxyhemoglobin Dissociation Curve
Minute Ventilation (RR x TV)
Oxygen Delivery vs. Oxygen Demand

Common Pulmonary Conditions: How and Why They Upset the Balance

Acute Pulmonary Edema
- Predisposing Factors: Begin with the End in Mind
- Pathophysiology: Changes in Surfactant = Changes in Compliance and Oxygenation
- Presentation and Emergent Management: It’s Over in a Flash!
COPD
- Presentation: Why the Pursed lips and Barrel Chest?
  - Pathophysiology: It’s All About the Alveolar Septum!
  - Projected Clinical Course: PROACTIVE not Reactive!
Pulmonary Embolism
- The Role of D-Dimer
- An Integrated Approach to Assessment
- Charting a Proactive Projected Clinical Course
Asthma
- Pathology and Pharmacology
- Airway Smooth Muscle
- Edema
- Infection and Inflammation
- Rate Control

Less Common Pulmonary Disorders: Why They Take Your Breath Away

ARDS
- Avian influenza, Various Viruses, Drowning and more…!
- Assessment Findings…
- Advanced Ventilation strategies…
- Recruitment: APRV and HFOV…
Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia
- Risk Factors and Reimbursement: Begin with the End in Mind
- Risk Management: An ounce of Prevention is Worth a Pound of Cure!
Pulmonary Hypertension
- Hypertension Pathophysiology: It Gets You Right in the Heart!
- Hidden Clues: Relating Physical Assessment to Pharmacologic Management…

Objectives

Compare and contrast negative-pressure ventilation with positive-pressure ventilation.
Describe the relationship between ventilation and perfusion.
Compare and contrast normal and abnormal chest x-ray findings.
Describe the desired outcomes of properly applied mechanical ventilation.
Compare and contrast volume and pressure control mechanical ventilation.

Target Audience

Nurses, Respiratory Care Practitioners, and other Healthcare Professionals

Copyright : 03/12/2015

The Kidneys in Detail

OUTLINE

The Kidneys Revealed

Structural Components
Functions
- Fluid regulation
- Waste filtration
- Electrolyte Control
- Hormone Regulation
- Blood pressure control
- Bone metabolism: vitamin D, calcium, phosphorus, and parathyroid hormone

Electrolytes and the Kidneys

Potassium
Calcium
Magnesium
Phosphorus
Glucose

Kidneys and Fluids: The Balancing Act

Osmoregulators
Sodium Levels
Normal volemic states
Hyponatremia
General Management Principles

Renal Dysfunction

Acute Renal Failure
- Diagnostic Tests
- Labs and Results
- Presentation (Signs/ Symptoms)
Chronic Renal Failure
- Risk Factors
- Progression
- Signs and Symptoms
- Treatments

OBJECTIVES

Analyze how the kidneys filter waste products and maintain normal levels of fluid and electrolytes.
Interpret BUN and creatinine in a clinical setting and understand why they become abnormal.
Describe why hyperkalemia and hyperphosphatemia occur in patients with kidney disease and how they are treated.
Identify the role the kidneys play in blood pressure control and bone health.
Identify those patients at risk for chronic kidney disease and acute kidney injury.
Explain the relationship between diseases such as diabetes mellitus and hypertension and declining kidney function.
Recognize medications that are useful for treating kidney disease and those that pose a risk for patients with kidney disease.

Program Information

Outline

The Kidneys Revealed

Structural Components
Functions
- Fluid regulation
- Waste filtration
- Electrolyte Control
- Hormone Regulation
- Blood pressure control
- Bone metabolism: vitamin D, calcium, phosphorus, and parathyroid hormone

Electrolytes and the Kidneys

Potassium
Calcium
Magnesium
Phosphorus
Glucose

Kidneys and Fluids: The Balancing Act

Osmoregulators
Sodium Levels
Normal volemic states
Hyponatremia
General Management Principles

Renal Dysfunction

Acute Renal Failure
- Diagnostic Tests
- Labs and Results
- Presentation (Signs/ Symptoms)
Chronic Renal Failure
- Risk Factors
- Progression
- Signs and Symptoms
- Treatments

Objectives

Analyze how the kidneys filter waste products and maintain normal levels of fluid and electrolytes.
Interpret BUN and creatinine in a clinical setting and understand why they become abnormal.
Describe why hyperkalemia and hyperphosphatemia occur in patients with kidney disease and how they are treated.
Identify the role the kidneys play in blood pressure control and bone health.
Identify those patients at risk for chronic kidney disease and acute kidney injury.
Explain the relationship between diseases such as diabetes mellitus and hypertension and declining kidney function.
Recognize medications that are useful for treating kidney disease and those that pose a risk for patients with kidney disease.

Target Audience

Certified Diabetes Educators, Nurses, and other Healthcare Professionals

Copyright : 03/17/2015

The Immune System in Detail

OUTLINE

Immunity: Overview and Definitions

Self versus nonself
Role of antigens (Immunogens)

The Immune System

Lymphoid (Immune) system
Structure and function
Biological role of C system

Major Histocompatibility Complex

Classes of MHC antigens
Role of MHC antigens in transplants and autoimmunity
Autoimmunity

The Immune Response: Putting it all together

Afferent limb
Efferent limbs
Goal of afferent and efferent is to react with the immunogen and render it inactive
Primary response
Secondary responses
Types of immunity
Hypersensitivity reactions
Immunodeficiency disorders

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)

Organ-Specific Autoimmune Disease

Idiopathic thrombocytopenia purpura (ITP)
Multiple Sclerosis
Guillain-Barré Syndrome
Myasthenia Gravis
Rheumatic fever
Addison’s disease
Type I Diabetes Mellitus
Good pasture syndrome

Systemic Autoimmune Disease

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Progressive Systemic
Sclerosis (scleroderma)

Serum Sickness

Exposure to penicillin and sulfonamides

ABO Blood Group Antigens

Blood typing
Rh factor

Diagnostic Tests

Urine studies
Radioisotope studies
CT and MRI
Biopsies
Laboratory studies

Inflammatory Reaction

Gross features of acute inflammation
Fluid aspects of inflammation
Cellular aspects of inflammation
Mediation of inflammation
Types of leukocytes

Patterns of Inflammation

Acute
Chronic
Noncellular exudates
Cellular exudates

Factors Affecting Inflammation and Healing

Impaired circulation
Decreased leukocytes in the circulating blood
Drug inhibitory effects
Malnourishment
Poor approximation of wound edges

Shock and Multi-organ Dysfunction

Definitions (Exhibit A)
Stages of shock
Treatment measures for shock

Antibiotic-Resistant Organisms

Organisms develop resistance to classic agents and newer agents
Genetic and biochemical mutations to evade pharmacology
Inappropriate use of antibiotic is a major factor contributing to resistance

OBJECTIVES

Identify mechanisms of the first line of immune defense.
List several types of leukocytes and their functions.
Explain the function of immunological memory.
Describe the three main components of the inflammatory response.
Summarize inflammatory response to major illness.
Discuss patient care needs associated with selected immune disorders.

Program Information

Outline

Immunity: Overview and Definitions

Self versus nonself
Role of antigens (Immunogens)

The Immune System

Lymphoid (Immune) system
Structure and function
Biological role of C system

Major Histocompatibility Complex

Classes of MHC antigens
Role of MHC antigens in transplants and autoimmunity
Autoimmunity

The Immune Response: Putting it all together

Afferent limb
Efferent limbs
Goal of afferent and efferent is to react with the immunogen and render it inactive
Primary response
Secondary responses
Types of immunity
Hypersensitivity reactions
Immunodeficiency disorders

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)

Organ-Specific Autoimmune Disease

Idiopathic thrombocytopenia purpura (ITP)
Multiple Sclerosis
Guillain-Barré Syndrome
Myasthenia Gravis
Rheumatic fever
Addison’s disease
Type I Diabetes Mellitus
Good pasture syndrome

Systemic Autoimmune Disease

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Progressive Systemic
Sclerosis (scleroderma)

Serum Sickness

Exposure to penicillin and sulfonamides

ABO Blood Group Antigens

Blood typing
Rh factor

Diagnostic Tests

Urine studies
Radioisotope studies
CT and MRI
Biopsies
Laboratory studies

Inflammatory Reaction

Gross features of acute inflammation
Fluid aspects of inflammation
Cellular aspects of inflammation
Mediation of inflammation
Types of leukocytes

Patterns of Inflammation

Acute
Chronic
Noncellular exudates
Cellular exudates

Factors Affecting Inflammation and Healing

Impaired circulation
Decreased leukocytes in the circulating blood
Drug inhibitory effects
Malnourishment
Poor approximation of wound edges

Shock and Multi-organ Dysfunction

Definitions (Exhibit A)
Stages of shock
Treatment measures for shock

Antibiotic-Resistant Organisms

Organisms develop resistance to classic agents and newer agents
Genetic and biochemical mutations to evade pharmacology
Inappropriate use of antibiotic is a major factor contributing to resistance

Objectives

Identify mechanisms of the first line of immune defense.
List several types of leukocytes and their functions.
Explain the function of immunological memory.
Describe the three main components of the inflammatory response.
Summarize inflammatory response to major illness.
Discuss patient care needs associated with selected immune disorders.

Target Audience

Nurses, Nurse Practitioners, Clinical Nurse Specialists, Physician Assistants